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1 conglomerate
1. сущ.1) общ. конгломерат, смесь разнородных элементовThe English language is a conglomerate of Latin words, bound together with a Saxon cement. — Английский язык — это смесь латинских слов, удерживаемая вместе саксонским цементом.
Syn:2) эк. конгломерат (корпорация, объединяющая предприятия, принадлежащие различным отраслям экономики и не связанные производственными процессами)See:3) доб. конгломерат ( сцементированная обломочная горная порода)Syn:2. прил.1) общ. собранный, объединенный; сгруппированный2) эк. многоотраслевойSee:3. гл.1) общ. собирать, превращать в общую [слитную\] массу2) общ. превращаться в слитную массу; собираться группами, объединятьсяThe dominant World power is the arch-republican U.S., other countries, including most of Europe, have got rid of their monarchies and don't seem to have conglomerated into one, amorphous dull mass. — Доминирующей в мире державой являются яростно отстаивающие республиканские принципы США, другие страны, включая большинство стран Европы, избавились от своих монархий и им, кажется, удалось избежать превращения в скучную, бесформенную массу.
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конгломерат: диверсифицированная корпорация, созданная на основе поглощения разнородных по сфере деятельности компаний (или с дочерними компаниями в разных отраслях); были популярны в 1960-х гг., но сегодня очевидна тенденция к большей специализации; перспективы акций компаний-конгломератов крайне трудно анализировать.* * *. Компания, сфера деятельности которой включает в себя два и более не связанных друг с другом вида коммерческой деятельности . Инвестиционная деятельность .* * *группа компаний, слившихся в единую организацию, хотя они оперируют в абсолютно разных сферах деятельности -
2 FIRM/COMPANY/SUPPLIER
Фирма/компания/производитель
Деловое предприятие, преобразующее ресурсы в более дорогостоящие промежуточные или конечные товары и услуги. Фирма (термин, принятый в экономической теории) - это основной субъект экономических отношений, целью деятельности которого является производство товаров и услуг. Фирма является также неотъемлемым звеном теории рынка, в которой объясняется, каким образом фирмы взаимодействуют друг с другом и как их решения о ценах и объеме производства влияют на рыночное предложение и цену (см. Theory of the firm, Theory of markets). Существует несколько организационно-правовых форм компаний: а) единоличное владение (sole proprietorship) - компания, которой владеет и распоряжается одно лицо; б) партнерство (partnership) - компания, принадлежащая двум или нескольким партнерам, которые управляют ею на основе договора о партнерстве; в) акционерная компания( joint-stock company) - компания, собственником которой являются держатели обыкновенных акций. Существует также несколько экономических форм компаний: а) горизонтальная компания (horizontal firm), занимающаяся одним видом производственной деятельности, например сборкой автомобилей; б) вертикальная фирма (vertical firm), занимающаяся двумя или несколькими взаимосвязанными видами производственной деятельности, например, производством запчастей для автомобилей и последующей сборкой автомобилей; в) диверсифицированная или конгломератная фирма (conglomerate firm), занимающаяся несколькими, не связанными друг с другом видами деятельности, например, сборкой автомобилей и выпечкой хлеба. См. Horizontal integration, Vertical integration, Diversification, Multinational company.Новый англо-русский словарь-справочник. Экономика. > FIRM/COMPANY/SUPPLIER
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3 conglomerate
1. n конгломерат; смесь разнородных элементов2. n эк. конгломерат, многопрофильная корпорация3. n геол. конгломерат, обломочная порода4. a собранный, соединённыйconglomerate gland — железа с клубочковым строением, железа с несколькими долями
5. a эк. многоотраслевой6. v превращать в общую массу7. v превращаться в общую массуСинонимический ряд:1. gathered (adj.) aggregate; blended; clustered; combined; complex; composite; gathered; mixed; variegated2. miscellaneous (adj.) assorted; chowchow; heterogeneous; indiscriminate; miscellaneous; motley; multifarious; promiscuous; unassorted; unsorted; varied3. aggregation (noun) agglomerate; agglomeration; aggregate; aggregation; company; conglomeration; corporation; firm; large company; merger; partnership4. syndicate (noun) cartel; chain; combine; group; pool; syndicate; trust -
4 merger
сущ.1) эк. слияние, объединение (объединение двух или более компаний без изменения юридического лица приобретающей компании путем покупки большей части акционерного капитала приобретаемой компании, акционеры которой после объединения сохраняют свои права на акции в реструктурированной компании; может привести к ограничению конкуренции в соответствующей отрасли или на соответствующем рынке)corporate merger — корпоративное слияние, слияние корпораций
Syn:Ant:anticompetitive merger, backward vertical merger, cash-out merger, congeneric merger, conglomerate merger, defensive merger, domestic merger, financial merger, forward merger, friendly merger, horizontal merger, hostile merger, market extension merger, operating merger, reverse merger, reverse triangular merger, statutory merger, stock-for-stock merger, triangular merger, vertical merger, merger company, Celler-Kefauver Antimerger Act, City Code on Takeovers and Mergers, takeover 2), acquisition 2), а amalgamation 1), mergers and acquisitions department, business combination, management buy-out, leveraged buy-out, target company, mergee, pooling of interest, appraisal rights, yellow knight, failing firm defense, restrictive business practicesSee:anticompetitive merger, backward vertical merger, cash-out merger, congeneric merger, conglomerate merger, defensive merger, domestic merger, financial merger, forward merger, friendly merger, horizontal merger, hostile merger, market extension merger, operating merger, reverse merger, reverse triangular merger, statutory merger, stock-for-stock merger, triangular merger, vertical merger, merger company, Celler-Kefauver Antimerger Act, City Code on Takeovers and Mergers, takeover 2), acquisition 2), а amalgamation 1), mergers and acquisitions department, business combination, management buy-out, leveraged buy-out, target company, mergee, pooling of interest, appraisal rights, yellow knight, failing firm defense, restrictive business practices2) эк. = merger company
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слияние: слияние двух и более компаний для образования новой компании через взаимный обмен простыми акциями (не облагается налогами), приобретение (поглощение) одной компанией акций другой или консолидацию двух компаний путем образования новой, приобретающей их чистые активы; юридически чистым определением слияния является ситуация, когда одна из компаний сохраняется как юридическое лицо после слияния; см. acquisition;* * *Поглощение, слияние. (1) Приобретение компании, при котором все активы и обязательства поглощаются покупателем. (2) В более широком значении, - любая комбинация двух компаний . Инвестиционная деятельность .* * *объединение двух или более организаций в их общих интересах; целью этого всегда является повышение эффективности----- -
5 empresa
f.1 company.pequeña y mediana empresa small and medium-sized businesslibre empresa free enterpriseempresa conjunta joint ventureempresa filial subsidiaryempresa matriz parent companyempresa privada private companyla empresa privada the private sectorempresa pública public sector firmla empresa pública the public sectorempresa de trabajo temporal temping agencyempresa de transportes haulage firm2 enterprise, undertaking.se embarcó en una peligrosa empresa he embarked on a risky enterprise o undertaking* * *1 (compañía) firm, company2 (dirección) management3 (acción) undertaking, venture\empresa filial subsidiary companyempresa matriz parent companyempresa multinacional multinational companyempresa naviera shipping companylibre empresa free enterprise* * *noun f.1) company, corporation, firm, business2) undertaking, venture* * *SF1) (=tarea) enterprise2) (Com, Econ) (=compañía) firm, companyempresa funeraria — undertaker's, mortician's (EEUU)
3) (=dirección) managementla empresa lamenta que... — the management regrets that...
* * *1)a) ( compañía) company, firm (BrE)b) ( dirección) management2) (tarea, labor) venture, undertaking* * *1)a) ( compañía) company, firm (BrE)b) ( dirección) management2) (tarea, labor) venture, undertaking* * *empresa11 = business [businesses, -pl.], commercial firm, company, corporation, firm, business enterprise, outfit, business interest, business firm, industrial firm, commercial enterprise, operating company.Nota: Perteneciente a un grupo.Ex: To a small or mid-sized business, information is critical for effective planning, growth and development.
Ex: Difficulties over access to these can arise when research project has been financed by a scientific organization or commercial firm who have an interest in maintaining security.Ex: Among the companies offering 'Mice' are Microsoft, Vision and Apple, but more are anticipated.Ex: The main form of knowledge transfer and the basis for decision making within corporations has not been a paper, a document or a detailed report, but a set of overhead slides and the discussions around them.Ex: The European Development Fund finances projects in overseas countries for which European-based firms can supply equipment and know-how.Ex: The 'Books at work' project in Kalmar in southern Sweden is the result of collaboration between trade unions, business enterprises and the public library.Ex: The author compares the advantages and disadvantages of buying from the larger established companies and smaller outfits.Ex: As an example, the University of Hawaii libraries have installed an online catalogue on which they will hang a special assortment of databases that are needed by Hawaii and Pacific business interests.Ex: Collection and preservation of records is an expensive pursuit and the task of persuading cost conscious business firms that they ought to preserve their records is an unenviable one.Ex: In libraries serving industrial firms, for example, the cost of not finding information may be high; this is why 'hard headed businessmen' add to their overheads by paying for extensive library services.Ex: Some commercial enterprises subsidise satellite communications for academic institutions.Ex: In the future, these files will be made readily accessible to other Glaxo operating companies through the use of computers.* a cuenta de la empresa = at company expense.* administración de empresas = business administration.* admnistrador de empresa = firm administrator.* archivo de empresa = business archives.* biblioteca de empresa = commercial library, industrial library, corporate library, company library, business library.* bibliotecario de empresa = industrial librarian.* comida de empresa = company dinner.* como las empresas = business-like.* conglomerado de empresas = conglomerate.* contratación de personal cualificado de otras empresas = lateral hiring.* curso mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich course.* dejar la empresa = jump + ship.* de la propia empresa = company-owned.* de toda la empresa = systemwide.* director de empresa = company director.* directorio de empresas en base de datos = corporate directory database, company directory database.* documentación de empresas = business record.* empresa afiliada = sister company.* empresa comercial = commercial agency, commercial vendor, commercial business, business firm.* empresa con solera = established player.* empresa consolidada = established player.* empresa constructora = property developer.* empresa consumada = established player.* empresa de búsqueda personalizada de ejecutivos = headhunter.* empresa de cobro de deudas = debt collection agency.* empresa de contabilidad = accounting firm.* empresa dedicada a la venta por correo = mail order company.* empresa dedicada al desarrollo de productos = product developer.* empresa dedicada a los sondeos de opinión = polling firm, polling agency.* empresa dedicada al proceso del cereal = corn processor.* empresa de grandes derroches = high roller.* empresa de investigación = research firm.* empresa de la limpieza = cleaning firm.* empresa de liempza = cleaning business.* empresa de limpieza = janitorial business.* empresa de medios de comunicación = media company.* empresa de mudanzas = mover.* empresa de nuestro grupo = sister company, sister organisation.* empresa de nueva creación = this sort of thing, startup [start-up].* empresa de ordenadores = computer company.* empresa de reparto de paquetes = package delivery company.* empresa de seguridad = security firm.* empresa de servicios = service organisation, service agency, service company.* empresa de servicios de información = information broker, broker, information broking.* empresa de servicio social = social utility.* empresa de servicios públicos = public utility, utility company.* empresa de solera = established player.* empresa de telecomunicaciones = computer bureau.* empresa de trabajo = industrial affiliation.* empresa de un grupo = operating company.* empresa de viajes = travel company.* empresa en la que sólo pueden trabajar empleados que pertenezcan a un sindic = close shop.* empresa farmacéutica = drug company.* empresa filial = subsidiary company.* empresa hipotecaria = mortgage company.* empresa industrial = industrial firm.* empresa organizadora de congresos = conference organiser.* empresa privada = private vendor, private company, private business, private firm.* empresa pública = civilian employer, public firm.* empresas americanas, las = corporate America.* empresa sindicada = union shop.* empresa televisiva = television company.* empresa transportadora = shipper, shipping agent.* en toda la empresa = company-wide, systemwide.* específico de las empresas = company-specific.* fusión de empresas = consolidation.* gasto de empresa = business expense.* gestión de empresas = business management.* grupo de empresas = business group.* guardería de la empresa = workplace crêche.* información sobre empresas = business intelligence.* intranet de empresa = corporate intranet.* libro de empresa = organisation manual.* mercado de la empresa = corporate market.* mundo de la empresa = business world.* mundo de la empresa, el = corporate world, the.* mundo de las empresas = business environment.* página web de empresa = business site, corporate site.* para toda la empresa = company-wide, enterprise-wide.* partícipe en la empresa = corporate insider.* patrocinado por la propia empresa = company-sponsored.* pequeña empresa = small business.* persona de la propia empresa = insider.* programa de prácticas en la empresa = internship program(me), internship.* programa mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich programme.* propiedad de la empresa = company-owned.* PYME (Pequeña y Mediana Empresa) = SME (Small and Medium Sized Enterprise).* que afecta a toda la empresa = enterprise-wide.* sitio web de empresa = business site, corporate site.* trabajador cualificado contratado de otra empresa = lateral hire.* ya parte de la empresa = on board.empresa22 = enterprise, scheme, venture, quest, operation, undertaking.Ex: Only those who have attempted to edit the proceedings of a conference can appreciate the magnitude and scope of such an enterprise.
Ex: There are forty-six centres in twenty-five countries participating in the scheme.Ex: However rudimentary or advanced the system, and no matter what the age of the children involved, certain matters should be considered before setting out on the venture.Ex: It is a quest without a satisfactory conclusion - a holy grail of librarianship.Ex: When he was younger he really turned the library around, from a backwater, two-bit operation to the respected institution it is today.Ex: Since the file from 1966-1975 contains some 2,500,000 references, a search of the complete data base is a fairly large-scale undertaking.* empresa descabellada = fool's errand.* empresa próspera = success story.* * *A1 (compañía) company, firm ( BrE)empresa filial subsidiary company2 (dirección) managementla empresa no se hace responsable de … the management cannot accept liability for …Compuestos:start-uppublic utility company, public utilitysponsors (pl) ( of an artistic event)private sector companypublic sector companyraiderB (tarea, labor) venture, undertakingnos hemos embarcado en una arriesgada empresa we've undertaken a risky venture* * *
empresa sustantivo femenino
1 ( compañía) company, firm (BrE);
2 (tarea, labor) venture, undertaking
empresa sustantivo femenino
1 Com Ind company, firm
empresa pública, state-owned company
2 (proyecto, tarea) undertaking, task: es una empresa muy arriesgada, it's a very risky venture
' empresa' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
administración
- ámbito
- amenaza
- asegurar
- bacalao
- casa
- CEPYME
- compañía
- constructor
- constructora
- contabilidad
- contrata
- dar
- decorar
- deficitaria
- deficitario
- definitivamente
- departamento
- depurar
- dirección
- dirigir
- diversificarse
- económica
- económico
- ejecutiva
- ensalzar
- entablar
- escala
- escáner
- espaldarazo
- estatal
- estructuración
- forjar
- gestión
- hipotecar
- hostelería
- imagen
- imposición
- inspección
- juez
- lanzamiento
- ligarse
- llevar
- mecánica
- nacional
- negocio
- negrera
- negrero
- patrón
- patrona
English:
administration
- amount to
- association
- audit
- backbone
- bankrupt
- base
- be
- being
- boss
- branch out
- builder
- business
- by-law
- carrier
- climb down
- cock-up
- collapse
- come in
- company
- creativity
- credit bureau
- dark horse
- deal with
- department
- developer
- disorganized
- division
- do
- down-market
- effective
- engineer
- enter
- enterprise
- equal
- established
- exploit
- firm
- fixture
- float
- flourish
- go down
- go under
- head
- house
- in-house
- insider
- intimidate
- launch
- launching
* * *empresa nf1. [sociedad] company;pequeña y mediana empresa small and medium-sized business;prohibido fijar carteles: responsable la empresa anunciadora [en letrero] post o stick no bills: advertisers will be held liableempresa común joint venture;empresa conjunta joint venture;empresa filial subsidiary;empresa funeraria undertaker's;empresa júnior junior enterprise, = firm set up and run by business studies students;empresa libre, libre empresa free enterprise;empresa matriz parent company;empresa mixta mixed company;empresa privada private company;empresa pública public sector firm;empresa punto com dot.com (company);empresa de seguridad security firm;empresa de servicio público public utility, US public service corporation;empresa de servicios service company;Urug empresa unipersonal sole trader, one person business2. [dirección] management;las negociaciones con la empresa the negotiations with management3. [acción] enterprise, undertaking;se embarcó en una peligrosa empresa he embarked on a risky enterprise o undertaking* * *f1 company;gran empresa large company;pequeña empresa small business;mediana empresa medium-sized business2 figventure, undertaking* * *empresa nf1) compañía, firma: company, corporation, firm2) : undertaking, venture* * *empresa n -
6 empresa1
1 = business [businesses, -pl.], commercial firm, company, corporation, firm, business enterprise, outfit, business interest, business firm, industrial firm, commercial enterprise, operating company.Nota: Perteneciente a un grupo.Ex. To a small or mid-sized business, information is critical for effective planning, growth and development.Ex. Difficulties over access to these can arise when research project has been financed by a scientific organization or commercial firm who have an interest in maintaining security.Ex. Among the companies offering 'Mice' are Microsoft, Vision and Apple, but more are anticipated.Ex. The main form of knowledge transfer and the basis for decision making within corporations has not been a paper, a document or a detailed report, but a set of overhead slides and the discussions around them.Ex. The European Development Fund finances projects in overseas countries for which European-based firms can supply equipment and know-how.Ex. The 'Books at work' project in Kalmar in southern Sweden is the result of collaboration between trade unions, business enterprises and the public library.Ex. The author compares the advantages and disadvantages of buying from the larger established companies and smaller outfits.Ex. As an example, the University of Hawaii libraries have installed an online catalogue on which they will hang a special assortment of databases that are needed by Hawaii and Pacific business interests.Ex. Collection and preservation of records is an expensive pursuit and the task of persuading cost conscious business firms that they ought to preserve their records is an unenviable one.Ex. In libraries serving industrial firms, for example, the cost of not finding information may be high; this is why 'hard headed businessmen' add to their overheads by paying for extensive library services.Ex. Some commercial enterprises subsidise satellite communications for academic institutions.Ex. In the future, these files will be made readily accessible to other Glaxo operating companies through the use of computers.----* a cuenta de la empresa = at company expense.* administración de empresas = business administration.* admnistrador de empresa = firm administrator.* archivo de empresa = business archives.* biblioteca de empresa = commercial library, industrial library, corporate library, company library, business library.* bibliotecario de empresa = industrial librarian.* comida de empresa = company dinner.* como las empresas = business-like.* conglomerado de empresas = conglomerate.* contratación de personal cualificado de otras empresas = lateral hiring.* curso mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich course.* dejar la empresa = jump + ship.* de la propia empresa = company-owned.* de toda la empresa = systemwide.* director de empresa = company director.* directorio de empresas en base de datos = corporate directory database, company directory database.* documentación de empresas = business record.* empresa afiliada = sister company.* empresa comercial = commercial agency, commercial vendor, commercial business, business firm.* empresa con solera = established player.* empresa consolidada = established player.* empresa constructora = property developer.* empresa consumada = established player.* empresa de búsqueda personalizada de ejecutivos = headhunter.* empresa de cobro de deudas = debt collection agency.* empresa de contabilidad = accounting firm.* empresa dedicada a la venta por correo = mail order company.* empresa dedicada al desarrollo de productos = product developer.* empresa dedicada a los sondeos de opinión = polling firm, polling agency.* empresa dedicada al proceso del cereal = corn processor.* empresa de grandes derroches = high roller.* empresa de investigación = research firm.* empresa de la limpieza = cleaning firm.* empresa de liempza = cleaning business.* empresa de limpieza = janitorial business.* empresa de medios de comunicación = media company.* empresa de mudanzas = mover.* empresa de nuestro grupo = sister company, sister organisation.* empresa de nueva creación = this sort of thing, startup [start-up].* empresa de ordenadores = computer company.* empresa de reparto de paquetes = package delivery company.* empresa de seguridad = security firm.* empresa de servicios = service organisation, service agency, service company.* empresa de servicios de información = information broker, broker, information broking.* empresa de servicio social = social utility.* empresa de servicios públicos = public utility, utility company.* empresa de solera = established player.* empresa de telecomunicaciones = computer bureau.* empresa de trabajo = industrial affiliation.* empresa de un grupo = operating company.* empresa de viajes = travel company.* empresa en la que sólo pueden trabajar empleados que pertenezcan a un sindic = close shop.* empresa farmacéutica = drug company.* empresa filial = subsidiary company.* empresa hipotecaria = mortgage company.* empresa industrial = industrial firm.* empresa organizadora de congresos = conference organiser.* empresa privada = private vendor, private company, private business, private firm.* empresa pública = civilian employer, public firm.* empresas americanas, las = corporate America.* empresa sindicada = union shop.* empresa televisiva = television company.* empresa transportadora = shipper, shipping agent.* en toda la empresa = company-wide, systemwide.* específico de las empresas = company-specific.* fusión de empresas = consolidation.* gasto de empresa = business expense.* gestión de empresas = business management.* grupo de empresas = business group.* guardería de la empresa = workplace crêche.* información sobre empresas = business intelligence.* intranet de empresa = corporate intranet.* libro de empresa = organisation manual.* mercado de la empresa = corporate market.* mundo de la empresa = business world.* mundo de la empresa, el = corporate world, the.* mundo de las empresas = business environment.* página web de empresa = business site, corporate site.* para toda la empresa = company-wide, enterprise-wide.* partícipe en la empresa = corporate insider.* patrocinado por la propia empresa = company-sponsored.* pequeña empresa = small business.* persona de la propia empresa = insider.* programa de prácticas en la empresa = internship program(me), internship.* programa mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich programme.* propiedad de la empresa = company-owned.* PYME (Pequeña y Mediana Empresa) = SME (Small and Medium Sized Enterprise).* que afecta a toda la empresa = enterprise-wide.* sitio web de empresa = business site, corporate site.* trabajador cualificado contratado de otra empresa = lateral hire.* ya parte de la empresa = on board. -
7 aggregate organization
упр. агрегированная организация* (организация, состоящая из нескольких относительно самостоятельных подразделений)See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > aggregate organization
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8 DIVERSIFICATION
Диверсификация
1. Расширение деятельности компании за счет производства разнообразных модификаций одной и той же продукции и торговли не на одном, а сразу на нескольких рынках. Диверсификация также называется многопрофильной или разносторонней интеграцией (conglomerate integration). С точки зрения компании основными преимуществами диверсификации являются: а) возможность распределения риска за счет продажи широкой номенклатуры товаров на разных рынках, что компенсирует потери на одном рынке за счет доходов на других и обеспечивает таким образом хорошие результаты деятельности фирмы в целом; б) в долговременной перспективе, возможность переориентации на новые рынки, обещающие быстрый рост и высокие прибыли; в) обеспечение высокой эффективности работы компании за счет эффекта синергизма. Диверсификация в основном ассоциируется с расширением крупных компаний-олигополий, управляемых профессиональными менеджерами, которые преследуют цели долговременного роста. Рост влияния диверсифицированных компаний ставит ряд важных вопросов, связанных с проблемами распределения ресурсов: ресурсы все в меньшей степени распределяются на основе рыночной конкуренции и все больше их распределение зависит от планирования внутри компаний. Иными словами, менеджеры, а не рынок определяют направления движения ресурсов. Диверсификация, таким образом, с одной стороны, способствует повышению эффективности и стимулирует конкуренцию, а с другой стороны, ограничивая конкуренцию, может приводить к менее эффективному использованию ресурсов (см. Managerial theories of the firm). Диверсификация может производить эффект синергизма (2 2 > 4), который возникает в результате сочетания одного вида деятельности с другим или заимствования управленческого опыта. Например, при слиянии компаний хорошая организация производственной деятельности одной компании прекрасно дополняет слаженную структуру сбыта продукции другой компании, делая более эффективной их совместную деятельность. Подобным образом, если объединенная компания перенимает ценный управленческий опыт одной из компаний, она получает возможность сокращать издержки производства и улучшать качество продукции. С учетом как позитивного, так и негативного влияния диверсификации на конкуренцию, согласно британскому закону о конкуренции, любое слияние/поглощение компаний, производящих многономенклатурную продукцию, активы которых превышают Ј70 млн., должно контролироваться Комиссией по конкуренции, которая оценивает соответствие их деятельности интересам общества. См. Office of fair trading, Vertical integration, Horizontal integration, Transfer pricing. 2. Распределение инвестиционного портфеля между разными финансовыми инструментами в целях защиты его от рисков (см. Portfolio).Новый англо-русский словарь-справочник. Экономика. > DIVERSIFICATION
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9 break
break [breɪk]casser ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c) briser ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (i), 1 (j) fracturer ⇒ 1 (b) enfoncer ⇒ 1 (e) violer, enfreindre ⇒ 1 (f) rompre ⇒ 1 (h) couper ⇒ 1 (h) ruiner ⇒ 1 (k) amortir ⇒ 1 (l) se casser ⇒ 2 (a) se briser ⇒ 2 (a) se fracturer ⇒ 2 (b) cassure, brisure ⇒ 3 (a) fissure, fente ⇒ 3 (b) ouverture ⇒ 3 (c) interruption ⇒ 3 (d) pause ⇒ 3 (e) évasion ⇒ 3 (f) chance ⇒ 3 (g) changement ⇒ 3 (h)(a) (split into pieces → glass, furniture) casser, briser; (→ branch, lace, string, egg, toy) casser;∎ break the stick in two cassez le bâton en deux;∎ to break sth into pieces mettre qch en morceaux;∎ to get broken se casser;∎ to break a safe forcer un coffre-fort;∎ figurative to break bread with sb partager le repas de qn;∎ figurative to break sb's heart briser le cœur à qn;∎ Ross broke her heart Ross lui a brisé le cœur;∎ it breaks my heart to see her unhappy ça me brise le cœur de la voir malheureuse;∎ figurative to break the ice rompre ou briser la glace∎ to break one's leg se casser ou se fracturer la jambe;∎ to break one's neck se casser ou se rompre le cou;∎ the fall broke his back la chute lui a brisé les reins;∎ familiar figurative they broke their backs trying to get the job done ils se sont éreintés à finir le travail;∎ familiar we've broken the back of the job nous avons fait le plus gros du travail;∎ familiar I'll break his neck if I catch him doing it again! je lui tords le cou si je le reprends à faire ça!;(c) (render inoperable → appliance, machine) casser;∎ you've broken the TV tu as cassé la télé(d) (cut surface of → ground) entamer; (→ skin) écorcher; Law (seals → illegally) briser; (legally) lever;∎ the seal on the coffee jar was broken le pot de café avait été ouvert;∎ the skin isn't broken la peau n'est pas écorchée;∎ to break new or fresh ground innover, faire œuvre de pionnier;∎ scientists are breaking new or fresh ground in cancer research les savants font une percée dans la recherche contre le cancer(e) (force a way through) enfoncer;∎ the river broke its banks la rivière est sortie de son lit;∎ to break the sound barrier franchir le mur du son;(f) Law (violate → law, rule) violer, enfreindre; (→ speed limit) dépasser; (→ agreement, treaty) violer; (→ contract) rompre; (→ promise) manquer à; Religion (→ commandment) désobéir à; (→ Sabbath) ne pas respecter;∎ she broke her appointment with them elle a annulé son rendez-vous avec eux;∎ he broke his word to her il a manqué à la parole qu'il lui avait donnée;∎ Law to break parole = commettre un délit qui entraîne la révocation de la mise en liberté conditionnelle;∎ Military to break bounds violer la consigne∎ to break jail s'évader (de prison);∎ to break camp lever le camp;(h) (interrupt → fast, monotony, spell) rompre; Electricity (→ circuit, current) couper; Typography (→ word, page) couper;∎ we broke our journey at Brussels nous avons fait une étape à Bruxelles;∎ a cry broke the silence un cri a déchiré ou percé le silence;∎ the plain was broken only by an occasional small settlement la plaine n'était interrompue que par de rares petits hameaux;∎ Military to break step rompre le pas∎ the new offer broke the deadlock la nouvelle proposition a permis de sortir de l'impasse;∎ he's tried to stop smoking but he can't break the habit il a essayé d'arrêter de fumer mais il n'arrive pas à se débarrasser ou se défaire de l'habitude;∎ to break sb of a habit corriger ou guérir qn d'une habitude;∎ to break oneself of a habit se corriger ou se défaire d'une habitude(j) (wear down, destroy → enemy) détruire; (→ person, will, courage, resistance) briser; (→ witness) réfuter; (→ health) abîmer; (→ alibi) écarter;∎ torture did not break him or his spirit il a résisté à la torture;∎ this scandal could break them ce scandale pourrait signer leur perte;∎ the experience will either make or break him l'expérience lui sera ou salutaire ou fatale(k) (bankrupt) ruiner;∎ her new business will either make or break her sa nouvelle affaire la rendra riche ou la ruinera;∎ to break the bank (exhaust funds) faire sauter la banque;(l) (soften → fall) amortir, adoucir;∎ we planted a row of trees to break the wind nous avons planté une rangée d'arbres pour couper le vent(m) (reveal, tell) annoncer, révéler;∎ break it to her gently annonce-le lui avec ménagement(n) (beat, improve on) battre;∎ to break a record battre un record;∎ the golfer broke 90 le golfeur a dépassé le score de 90(o) (solve → code) déchiffrer∎ to break sb's service (in tennis) prendre le service de qn;∎ Hingis was broken in the fifth game Hingis a perdu son service dans le cinquième jeu∎ can you break a £10 note? pouvez-vous faire de la monnaie sur un billet de 10 livres?∎ to break wind lâcher un vent(a) (split into pieces → glass, furniture) se casser, se briser; (→ branch, stick) se casser, se rompre; (→ lace, string, egg, toy) se casser;∎ to break apart se casser ou se briser (en morceaux);∎ the plate broke in two l'assiette s'est cassée en deux;∎ to break into pieces se casser en morceaux;∎ figurative her heart broke elle a eu le cœur brisé∎ is the bone broken? y a-t-il une fracture?;∎ humorous any bones broken? rien de cassé?∎ the dishwasher broke last week le lave-vaisselle est tombé en panne la semaine dernière(d) (disperse → clouds) se disperser, se dissiper; Military (→ troops) rompre les rangs; (→ ranks) se rompre∎ to break free se libérer;∎ the ship broke loose from its moorings le bateau a rompu ses amarres(f) (fail → health, person, spirit) se détériorer;∎ the witness broke under questioning le témoin a craqué au cours de l'interrogatoire;∎ she or her spirit did not break elle ne s'est pas laissée abattre;∎ their courage finally broke leur courage a fini par les abandonner(g) (take a break) faire une pause;∎ let's break for coffee arrêtons-nous pour prendre un café(h) (arise suddenly → day) se lever, poindre; (→ dawn) poindre; Press & Television (→ news) être annoncé; (→ scandal, war) éclater(i) (move suddenly) se précipiter, foncer∎ she was so upset that her voice kept breaking elle était tellement bouleversée que sa voix se brisait∎ the sea was breaking against the rocks les vagues se brisaient sur les rochers∎ her waters have broken elle a perdu les eaux∎ to break right/badly bien/mal se passer∎ break! break!, stop!3 noun(a) (in china, glass) cassure f, brisure f; (in wood) cassure f, rupture f; Medicine (in bone, limb) fracture f; figurative (with friend, group) rupture f; (in marriage) séparation f;∎ the break with her husband was a painful experience ça a été très pénible pour elle quand elle s'est séparée de son mari;∎ her break with the party in 1968 sa rupture avec le parti en 1968;∎ to make a clean break with the past rompre avec le passé(c) (gap → in hedge, wall) trouée f, ouverture f; Geology (→ in rock) faille f; (→ in line) interruption f, rupture f; Typography (→ in word) césure f; (→ in pagination) fin f de page;∎ a break in the clouds une éclaircie(d) (interruption → in conversation) interruption f, pause f; (→ in payment) interruption f, suspension f; (→ in trip) arrêt m; (→ in production) suspension f, rupture f; (→ in series) interruption f; Literature & Music pause f; (in jazz) break m;∎ guitar break (in rock) (courte) improvisation f de guitare;∎ Electricity a break in the circuit une coupure de courant;∎ Radio a break for commercials, a (commercial) break un intermède de publicité; Television un écran publicitaire, une page de publicité;∎ Television a break in transmission une interruption des programmes (due à un incident technique)∎ let's take a break on fait une pause?;∎ we worked all morning without a break nous avons travaillé toute la matinée sans nous arrêter;∎ he drove for three hours without a break il a conduit trois heures de suite;∎ you need a break (short rest) tu as besoin de faire une pause; (holiday) tu as besoin de vacances;∎ an hour's break for lunch une heure de pause pour le déjeuner;∎ lunch break pause f de midi;∎ do you get a lunch break? tu as une pause à midi?;∎ a weekend in the country makes a pleasant break un week-end à la campagne fait du bien;∎ familiar give me a break! (don't talk nonsense) dis pas n'importe quoi!; (stop nagging) fiche-moi la paix!∎ Law jail break évasion f (de prison);∎ she made a break for the woods elle s'est élancée vers le bois;∎ to make a break for it prendre la fuite∎ you get all the breaks! tu en as du pot!;∎ to have a lucky break avoir de la veine;∎ to have a bad break manquer de veine;∎ this could be your big break ça pourrait être la chance de ta vie;∎ she's never had an even break in her life rien n'a jamais été facile dans sa vie;∎ give him a break donne-lui une chance; (he won't do it again) donne-lui une seconde chance∎ a break in the weather un changement de temps;∎ the decision signalled a break with tradition la décision marquait une rupture avec la tradition(i) (carriage) break m∎ at break of day au point du jour, à l'aube∎ to have a service break or a break (of serve) (in tennis) avoir une rupture de service (de l'adversaire);∎ to have two break points (in tennis) avoir deux balles de break;∎ he made a 70 break (in snooker, pool etc) il a fait une série de 70►► Computing break character caractère m d'interruption;Computing break key touche f d'interruption∎ I broke away from the crowd je me suis éloigné de la foule;∎ he broke away from her grasp il s'est dégagé de son étreinte∎ a group of MPs broke away from the party un groupe de députés a quitté le parti;∎ as a band they have broken away from traditional jazz leur groupe a (complètement) rompu avec le jazz traditionneldétacher;∎ they broke all the fittings away from the walls ils ont décroché toutes les appliques des murs(in tennis) = gagner le service de son adversaire après avoir perdu son propre service(a) (vehicle, machine) tomber en panne;∎ the car has broken down la voiture est en panne(b) (fail → health) se détériorer; (→ authority) disparaître; (→ argument, system, resistance) s'effondrer; (→ negotiations, relations, plan) échouer;∎ radio communications broke down le contact radio a été coupé;∎ their marriage is breaking down leur mariage se désagrège(c) (lose one's composure) s'effondrer;∎ to break down in tears fondre en larmes∎ the report breaks down into three parts le rapport comprend ou est composé de trois parties∎ to break down into sth se décomposer en qch∎ we must break down old prejudices il faut mettre fin aux vieux préjugés(b) (analyse → idea, statistics) analyser; (→ reasons) décomposer; (→ account, figures, expenses) décomposer, ventiler; (→ bill, estimate) détailler; (→ substance) décomposer;∎ the problem can be broken down into three parts le problème peut se décomposer en trois parties➲ break in∎ a month should be enough to break you in to the job un mois devrait suffire pour vous faire ou vous habituer au métier(b) (clothing) porter (pour user);∎ I want to break these shoes in je veux que ces chaussures se fassent(c) (knock down → door) enfoncer∎ to break in on sb/sth interrompre qn/qch∎ they broke into the safe ils ont fracturé ou forcé le coffre-fort;∎ they've been broken into three times ils se sont fait cambrioler trois fois∎ the audience broke into applause le public s'est mis à applaudir;∎ to break into a run/sprint se mettre à courir/à sprinter;∎ the horse broke into a gallop le cheval a pris le galop(c) (conversation) interrompre(d) (start to spend → savings) entamer;∎ I don't want to break into a £20 note je ne veux pas entamer un billet de 20 livres∎ the firm has broken into the Japanese market l'entreprise a percé sur le marché japonais(a) (separate) se détacher, se casser;∎ a branch has broken off une branche s'est détachée (de l'arbre)∎ he broke off in mid-sentence il s'est arrêté au milieu d'une phrase;∎ to break off for ten minutes prendre dix minutes de pause;∎ to break off for lunch s'arrêter pour déjeuner(c) (end relationship) rompre;∎ she's broken off with him elle a rompu avec lui(a) (separate) détacher, casser;∎ to break sth off sth casser ou détacher qch de qch(b) (end → agreement, relationship) rompre;∎ they've broken off their engagement ils ont rompu leurs fiançailles;∎ to break it off (with sb) rompre (avec qn);∎ Italy had broken off diplomatic relations with Libya l'Italie avait rompu ses relations diplomatiques avec la Libye∎ to break a desk open ouvrir un bureau en forçant la serrure∎ to break out in spots or in a rash avoir une éruption de boutons;∎ to break out in a sweat se mettre à transpirer;∎ she broke out in a cold sweat elle s'est mise à avoir des sueurs froides∎ to break out from or of prison s'évader (de prison);∎ we have to break out of this vicious circle il faut que nous sortions de ce cercle vicieux(bottle, champagne) ouvrir(sun) percer;∎ I broke through the crowd je me suis frayé un chemin à travers la foule;∎ the troops broke through enemy lines les troupes ont enfoncé les lignes ennemies;∎ she eventually broke through his reserve elle a fini par le faire sortir de sa réservepercer; figurative & Military faire une percée;∎ figurative his hidden feelings tend to break through in his writing ses sentiments cachés tendent à transparaître ou percer dans ses écrits➲ break up(a) (divide up → rocks) briser, morceler; Law (→ property) morceler; (→ soil) ameublir; (→ bread, cake) partager;∎ she broke the loaf up into four pieces elle a rompu ou partagé la miche en quatre;∎ illustrations break up the text le texte est aéré par des illustrations(c) (end → fight, party) mettre fin à, arrêter; Commerce & Law (→ conglomerate, trust) scinder, diviser; Commerce (→ company) scinder; Politics (→ coalition) briser, rompre; Administration (→ organization) dissoudre; (→ empire) démembrer; (→ family) séparer;∎ his drinking broke up their marriage le fait qu'il buvait a brisé ou détruit leur mariage(d) (disperse → crowd) disperser;∎ the news really broke her up la nouvelle l'a complètement bouleversée∎ her stories really break me up! ses histoires me font bien marrer!(a) (split into pieces → road, system) se désagréger; (→ ice) craquer, se fissurer; (→ ship) se disloquer;∎ the ship broke up on the rocks le navire s'est disloqué sur les rochers(b) (come to an end → meeting, party) se terminer, prendre fin; (→ partnership) cesser, prendre fin; (→ talks, negotiations) cesser;∎ when the meeting broke up à l'issue ou à la fin de la réunion;∎ their marriage broke up leur mariage n'a pas marché(c) (boyfriend, girlfriend) rompre;∎ she broke up with her boyfriend elle a rompu avec son petit ami;∎ they've broken up ils se sont séparés∎ we break up for Christmas on the 22nd les vacances de Noël commencent le 22;∎ when do we break up? quand est-ce qu'on est en vacances?(f) (lose one's composure) s'effondrer(a) (end association with → person, organization) rompre avec;∎ the defeat caused many people to break with the party la défaite a poussé beaucoup de gens à rompre avec le parti(b) (depart from → belief, values) rompre avec;∎ she broke with tradition by getting married away from her village elle a rompu avec la tradition en ne se mariant pas dans son village
См. также в других словарях:
firm — [adj1] inflexible close, close grained, compact, compressed, concentrated, concrete, condensed, congealed, dense, fine grained, hard, hardened, heavy, impenetrable, impermeable, impervious, inelastic, jelled, nonporous, refractory, rigid, set,… … New thesaurus
Conglomerate (company) — For a kind of rock, see Conglomerate (geology). A conglomerate is a combination of two or more corporations engaged in entirely different businesses that fall under one corporate structure (a corporate group), usually involving a parent company… … Wikipedia
Conglomerate Merger — A merger between firms that are involved in totally unrelated business activities. There are two types of conglomerate mergers: pure and mixed. Pure conglomerate mergers involve firms with nothing in common, while mixed conglomerate mergers… … Investment dictionary
Conglomerate — A firm engaged in two or more unrelated businesses. The New York Times Financial Glossary * * * conglomerate con‧glom‧e‧rate [kənˈglɒmərt ǁ ˈglɑː ] noun [countable] COMMERCE ORGANIZATIONS a large business organization consisting of several… … Financial and business terms
conglomerate — A firm engaged in two or more unrelated businesses. Bloomberg Financial Dictionary * * * conglomerate con‧glom‧e‧rate [kənˈglɒmərt ǁ ˈglɑː ] noun [countable] COMMERCE ORGANIZATIONS a large business organization consisting of several different… … Financial and business terms
conglomerate — conglomeratic /keuhn glom euh rat ik, keuhng /, conglomeritic /keuhn glom euh rit ik, keuhng /, adj. n., adj. /keuhn glom euhr it, keuhng /; v. /keuhn glom euh rayt , keuhng /, n., adj., v., conglomerated, conglomerating. n. 1. anything composed… … Universalium
firm — Synonyms and related words: Aktiengesellschaft, CIA, Central Intelligence Agency, Christian, abiding, accepted, adamant, adamantine, agency, airtight, aktiebolag, anchored, anneal, approved, at a standstill, atelier, authentic, authoritative,… … Moby Thesaurus
conglomerate — 1. noun 1) the conglomerate was broken up Syn: corporation, company, business, multinational, combine, group, consortium, partnership; firm 2) a conglomerate of disparate peoples Syn: mixture, mix … Thesaurus of popular words
firm — I adjective 1) the ground is fairly firm Syn: hard, solid, unyielding, resistant; solidified, hardened, compacted, compressed, dense, stiff, rigid, frozen, set Ant: soft … Thesaurus of popular words
firm — I adjective 1) the ground is fairly firm Syn: hard, solid, unyielding, resistant, compacted, compressed, dense, stiff, rigid, set 2) firm foundations Syn: secure … Synonyms and antonyms dictionary
conglomerate — [[t]kənglɒ̱mərət[/t]] conglomerates N COUNT: oft adj N A conglomerate is a large business firm consisting of several different companies. Fiat is Italy s largest industrial conglomerate … English dictionary
